Packet #1671190

Database ID:	1671190
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x8214a5d3` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-11-06 23:58:35 UTC
From Node:	Lv4 - Heltec V4 Green (Lv4)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	POSITION_APP Port: 3

Gateway:	JLO2 - WisMesh Pocket V2 (JLO2)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-24 dBm
SNR:	7.5 dBm
Hop Info:	0/6 hops Start: 6, Limit: 6
Relay Node:	`e0` JLOX , Lv4 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Latitude:	40.763392°
Longitude:	-73.845965°
Altitude:	31 m
Satellites:	5
Precision:	13 bits

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	36 bytes
Gateway:	!1c10ce06
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	POSITION_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 6

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
+ 2 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!1c10ce06` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (36 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2997325024` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`3` POSITION_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`36` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`6` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`6` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-24.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`7.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1762473362` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`224` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1762473515.1247516` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Reduced position precision: ~2900.0m accuracy
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!1c10ce06`
Position Precision:	13 bits (~2900.0m accuracy)
Position precision meters:	`2900.0`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -24.0 dBm SNR: 7.50 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	POSITION_APP
Size:	36 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "latitude": 40.763392, "longitude": -73.8459648, "altitude": 31, "sats_in_view": 5, "precision_bits": 13 }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!1c10ce06", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2997325024, "to": 4294967295, "id": 2182391251, "rx_time": 1762473362, "rx_snr": 7.5, "rx_rssi": -24, "hop_limit": 6, "hop_start": 6, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 224, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 3, "payload": "0d00004c18150000fcd3181f2590350d69280258d60b78058001f0f5f409980105b8010d", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "latitude_i": 407633920, "longitude_i": -738459648, "altitude": 31, "time": 1762473360, "location_source": "LOC_INTERNAL", "PDOP": 1494, "ground_speed": 5, "ground_track": 20790000, "sats_in_view": 5, "precision_bits": 13, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "POSITION_APP", "message_class": "Position" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (36 bytes)

0d00004c18150000fcd3181f2590350d69280258d60b78058001f0f5f409980105b8010d

Hex Analysis:

Size:	36 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #1671190 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: