Packet #2632171

Database ID:	2632171
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x0815778d` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-11-23 03:32:44 UTC
From Node:	An-Noor Institute Node 2 (ANI2)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	MeshM0xie (M0x)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-109 dBm
SNR:	-13.25 dBm
Hop Info:	1/3 hops Start: 3, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`81` JLO9 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	An-Noor Institute Node 2
Short Name:	ANI2
Node ID:	!a0cc7808
MAC Address:	MO2gzHgI
Hardware:	HELTEC_V3

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	89 bytes
Gateway:	!b2a7878c
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	1 / 3

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 3 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!b2a7878c` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (89 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2697754632` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`89` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`3` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`1` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-109.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-13.25` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1763868863` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`129` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1763868764.7944806` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!b2a7878c`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -109.0 dBm SNR: -13.25 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	89 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!a0cc7808", "long_name": "An-Noor Institute Node 2", "short_name": "ANI2", "macaddr": "MO2gzHgI", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!b2a7878c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2697754632, "to": 4294967295, "id": 135624589, "rx_time": 1763868863, "rx_snr": -13.25, "rx_rssi": -109, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 3, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 129, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a092161306363373830381218416e2d4e6f6f7220496e73746974757465204e6f646520321a04414e4932220630eda0cc7808282b4220178cb4a818d1e89a40798d410b6631091e6af865e2ef95bb15f319db38c6712e4800", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!a0cc7808", "long_name": "An-Noor Institute Node 2", "short_name": "ANI2", "macaddr": "MO2gzHgI", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3", "public_key": "F4y0qBjR6JpAeY1BC2YxCR5q+GXi75W7FfMZ2zjGcS4=", "is_unmessagable": false, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (89 bytes)

0a092161306363373830381218416e2d4e6f6f7220496e73746974757465204e6f646520321a04414e4932220630eda0cc7808282b4220178cb4a818d1e89a40798d410b6631091e6af865e2ef95bb15f319db38c6712e4800

Hex Analysis:

Size:	89 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2632171 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: