Packet #2666381

Packet Information

Database ID:	2666381
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x7c2b22c3` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-11-23 21:04:22 UTC
From Node:	Nicomachus (ncmc)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	RANGE_TEST_APP Port: 66

Gateway:	Nicomachus 🏃 (ncmp)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-24 dBm
SNR:	10.0 dBm
Hop Info:	0/0 hops Start: 0, Limit: 0
Relay Node:	None

Payload Data

Protocol: RANGE_TEST_APP

Size: 5 bytes

Decoded: No

No decoder available for RANGE_TEST_APP

Text Content:

7365712031

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	5 bytes
Gateway:	!c9553a20
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	RANGE_TEST_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / Unknown

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!c9553a20` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (5 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2658555520` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`66` RANGE_TEST_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`5` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	Not set	uint32
`hop_start`	Not set	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-24.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`10.00` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1763931963` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	Not set	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1763931862.3846493` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!c9553a20`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -24.0 dBm SNR: 10.00 dB

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!c9553a20", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2658555520, "to": 4294967295, "id": 2083201731, "rx_time": 1763931963, "rx_snr": 10.0, "rx_rssi": -24, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 0, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 0, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 66, "payload": "7365712031", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "raw_bytes": "7365712031", "type": "unknown_or_custom", "portnum": "RANGE_TEST_APP", "note": "No decoder available for RANGE_TEST_APP" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (5 bytes)