Packet #276298

Database ID:	276298
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x5949e4c4` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-09-29 02:31:16 UTC
From Node:	JLO - NYC - Wio Tracker L1 (JLO)
To Node:	JLX7 - College Point Solar (JLX7)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TRACEROUTE_APP Port: 70

Gateway:	JLX7 - College Point Solar (JLX7)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-39 dBm
SNR:	6.0 dBm
Hop Info:	0/2 hops Start: 2, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`6e` JLO Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

SNR Towards:	6.25 dB

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	3 bytes
Gateway:	!f1a371d8
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 2

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 1 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!f1a371d8` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (3 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`1675034222` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4054020568` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`70` TRACEROUTE_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`3` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`2` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-39.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`6.00` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1759113392` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	True Acknowledgment requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`110` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1759113076.983414` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Want ack:	`True`
Gateway ID:	`!f1a371d8`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -39.0 dBm SNR: 6.00 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:	3 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "route_nodes": [], "snr_towards": [ 6.25 ], "route_back": [], "snr_back": [], "route_node_names": { "4054020568": "JLX7 - College Point Solar (JLX7)", "1675034222": "JLO - NYC - Wio Tracker L1 (JLO)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 276298, "timestamp": 1759113076.983414, "from_node_id": 1675034222, "to_node_id": 4054020568, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!f1a371d8", "channel_id": "LongFast", "mesh_packet_id": 1498014916, "rssi": -39, "snr": 6.0, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 3, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "120119", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1759113392, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 110, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2025-09-29 02:31:16 UTC", "hop_count": 0, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "JLO - NYC - Wio Tracker L1 (JLO)", "to_node_name": "JLX7 - College Point Solar (JLX7)", "relay_hex": "6e", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 1675034222, "node_name": "JLO - NYC - Wio Tracker L1", "hex_id": "!63d6fe6e", "short_name": "JLO", "last_byte": "6e" } ], "gateway_name": "JLX7 - College Point Solar (JLX7)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 4054020568, "latitude": 40.79616, "longitude": -73.8525184, "altitude": null, "timestamp": 1764404059.2837412, "timestamp_str": "2025-11-29 03:14:19", "display_name": "JLX7 - College Point Solar", "long_name": "JLX7 - College Point Solar", "short_name": "JLX7", "hw_model": "SEEED_WIO_TRACKER_L1" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 276298, "from_node_id": 1675034222, "to_node_id": 4054020568, "timestamp": 1759113076.983414, "gateway_id": "!f1a371d8", "raw_payload": "120119", "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "JLO - NYC - Wio Tracker L1 (JLO)", "to_node_name": "JLX7 - College Point Solar (JLX7)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [], "snr_towards": [ 6.25 ], "route_back": [], "snr_back": [] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward", "node_ids": [ 1675034222 ], "node_names": [ "JLO - NYC - Wio Tracker L1 (JLO)" ], "snr_values": [ 6.25 ], "hops": [], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 0 }, "return_path": null, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "forward_rf", "node_ids": [ 1675034222, 4054020568 ], "node_names": [ "JLO - NYC - Wio Tracker L1 (JLO)", "JLX7 - College Point Solar (JLX7)" ], "snr_values": [ 6.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 1675034222, "to_node_id": 4054020568, "from_node_name": "JLO - NYC - Wio Tracker L1 (JLO)", "to_node_name": "JLX7 - College Point Solar (JLX7)", "snr": 6.25, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 2599.267741111344, "from_location_timestamp": 1759112548.9122734, "to_location_timestamp": 1759113061.6982799, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.0h ago" } ], "is_complete": true, "total_hops": 1 } }, "has_return_path": false, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "JLO - NYC - Wio Tracker L1 (JLO)", "return_path_display": null, "actual_rf_path_display": "JLO - NYC - Wio Tracker L1 (JLO) → JLX7 - College Point Solar (JLX7)", "forward_hops": [], "return_hops": [], "total_forward_distance": null, "total_return_distance": null }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!f1a371d8", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1675034222, "to": 4054020568, "id": 1498014916, "rx_time": 1759113392, "rx_snr": 6.0, "rx_rssi": -39, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 110, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "120119", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "snr_towards": [ 25 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (3 bytes)

120119

Hex Analysis:

Size:	3 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #276298 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data:

Route Information

Combined Traceroute Graph

Legend & Paths

Nodes

Connections

Packet Paths