Packet #2770310

Database ID:	2770310
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xde8bb0b6` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-11-26 12:37:04 UTC
From Node:	Chaos Solar 0 (KOS0)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	@_tedks (tks)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-10 dBm
SNR:	9.5 dBm
Hop Info:	0/3 hops Start: 3, Limit: 3
Relay Node:	`9b` KOS0 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	Chaos Solar 0
Short Name:	KOS0
Node ID:	!2818e09b
MAC Address:	3EcoGOCb
Hardware:	RAK2560

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	80 bytes
Gateway:	!0af50b80
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 3

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!0af50b80` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (80 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`672719003` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`80` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`3` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`3` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-10.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`9.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1764160733` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`155` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1764160624.2447243` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!0af50b80`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -10.0 dBm SNR: 9.50 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	80 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!2818e09b", "long_name": "Chaos Solar 0", "short_name": "KOS0", "macaddr": "3EcoGOCb", "hw_model": "RAK2560" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!0af50b80", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 672719003, "to": 4294967295, "id": 3733696694, "rx_time": 1764160733, "rx_snr": 9.5, "rx_rssi": -10, "hop_limit": 3, "hop_start": 3, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 155, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a09213238313865303962120d4368616f7320536f6c617220301a044b4f53302206dc472818e09b2816380c4220be9eb7231c6f3efa3f8f7c4d8aecd529e8f9a2162a3d1863e9ac9002645482344801", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!2818e09b", "long_name": "Chaos Solar 0", "short_name": "KOS0", "macaddr": "3EcoGOCb", "hw_model": "RAK2560", "role": "CLIENT_BASE", "public_key": "vp63IxxvPvo/j3xNiuzVKej5ohYqPRhj6ayQAmRUgjQ=", "is_unmessagable": true, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (80 bytes)

0a09213238313865303962120d4368616f7320536f6c617220301a044b4f53302206dc472818e09b2816380c4220be9eb7231c6f3efa3f8f7c4d8aecd529e8f9a2162a3d1863e9ac9002645482344801

Hex Analysis:

Size:	80 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2770310 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: