Packet #2854098

Database ID:	2854098
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x3486c92b` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-11-28 17:03:21 UTC
From Node:	Umbro Base 1 (UMb1)
To Node:	Murray Hill Node (MHN)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	Cams Rak4631 (CARA)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-128 dBm
SNR:	-20.0 dBm
Hop Info:	2/7 hops Start: 7, Limit: 5
Relay Node:	`48` Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet

Long Name:	Umbro Base 1
Short Name:	UMb1
Node ID:	!db51bc44
MAC Address:	EFHbUbxE
Hardware:	HELTEC_V3

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	77 bytes
Gateway:	!953f7321
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	2 / 7

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!953f7321` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (77 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`3679566916` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`2869545125` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`77` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`5` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`7` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`2` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-128.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-20.00` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1764349512` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`72` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1764349401.7988052` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!953f7321`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -128.0 dBm SNR: -20.00 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	77 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!db51bc44", "long_name": "Umbro Base 1", "short_name": "UMb1", "macaddr": "EFHbUbxE", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!953f7321", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3679566916, "to": 2869545125, "id": 881248555, "rx_time": 1764349512, "rx_snr": -20.0, "rx_rssi": -128, "hop_limit": 5, "hop_start": 7, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 72, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a09216462353162633434120c556d62726f204261736520311a04554d623122061051db51bc44282b42202c407f44fc409f67760b1b797d8dcd6e53edaf5f82692d8dbba4beaefc9e63654800", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!db51bc44", "long_name": "Umbro Base 1", "short_name": "UMb1", "macaddr": "EFHbUbxE", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3", "public_key": "LEB/RPxAn2d2Cxt5fY3NblPtr1+CaS2Nu6S+rvyeY2U=", "is_unmessagable": false, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (77 bytes)

0a09216462353162633434120c556d62726f204261736520311a04554d623122061051db51bc44282b42202c407f44fc409f67760b1b797d8dcd6e53edaf5f82692d8dbba4beaefc9e63654800

Hex Analysis:

Size:	77 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2854098 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: