Packet #2856981 Success

TELEMETRY_APP packet from K2XAP V4 MS (XAP4) to !ffffffff

3
Total Receptions
3
Unique Gateways
0
Hop Count
28
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2856981
Mesh Packet ID: 0x60e4a31d
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2025-11-28 18:31:09 UTC
From Node: K2XAP V4 MS (XAP4)
To Node: !ffffffff (ffff)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TELEMETRY_APP
Port: 67
Gateway: K2XAP R1int MS (XAPM)
Channel: MediumSlow
RSSI: -82 dBm
SNR: 8.75 dBm
Hop Info: 0/7 hops
Start: 7, Limit: 7
Relay Node: a0 3ba0 , XAP4
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TELEMETRY_APP
Size: 28 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Device Metrics:
Battery:101%
Voltage:4.35 V
Air Util TX:0.0%
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:28 bytes
Gateway:!41c3cc1b
Channel:MediumSlow
Payload Type:TELEMETRY_APP
Hop Count:Unknown / 7
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Broadcast
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumSlow
+ 2 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !41c3cc1b
Node ID format
channel_id MediumSlow
packet MeshPacket (28 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 2996806560
Source node ID 		uint32
to 4294967295 (Broadcast)
Visible to all nodes 		uint32
decoded.portnum 67
TELEMETRY_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 28 bytes size
hop_limit 7
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 7
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 0
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -82.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr 8.75 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1764354780
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack False
No ACK requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 160
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1764354669.229401
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Custom channel: MediumSlow
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
  • ✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Gateway ID: !41c3cc1b
Zero Hop Policy: Enabled
Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -82.0 dBm
SNR: 8.75 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TELEMETRY_APP
Size:28 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "time": 1764354778, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 101, "voltage": 4.351, "channel_utilization": 0.0, "air_util_tx": 0.03688889, "uptime_seconds": 356482 } }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!41c3cc1b", "channel_id": "MediumSlow", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2996806560, "to": 4294967295, "id": 1625596701, "rx_time": 1764354780, "rx_snr": 8.75, "rx_rssi": -82, "hop_limit": 7, "hop_start": 7, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 160, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 67, "payload": "0ddaea29691215086515643b8b401d0000000025ce18173d2882e115", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "time": 1764354778, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 101, "voltage": 4.351, "channel_utilization": 0.0, "air_util_tx": 0.03688889, "uptime_seconds": 356482 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TELEMETRY_APP", "message_class": "Telemetry" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (28 bytes)
0ddaea29691215086515643b8b401d0000000025ce18173d2882e115
Hex Analysis:
Size:28 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
K2XAP R1int MS (XAPM) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-82.0 dBm 8.75 dB 0 a0 3ba0 , XAP4 MediumSlow 2025-11-28 18:31:09 UTC Current
K2XAP V4 MS (XAP4) -1.582s
Before 		Unknown Unknown 0 a0 3ba0 , XAP4 MediumSlow 2025-11-28 18:31:07 UTC View
Poncho@pft! | MedSlow (pft!) +2.311s
After 		-53.0 dBm 9.00 dB 1 1c pb! MediumSlow 2025-11-28 18:31:11 UTC View
3

Total Receptions

3

Unique Gateways