Packet #2878199

Database ID:	2878199
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xfe00be3a` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-11-29 04:25:34 UTC
From Node:	Cams Rak4631 (CARA)
To Node:	!2e82162c (162c)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	Cams Rak4631 (CARA)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	Unknown
SNR:	Unknown
Hop Info:	0/7 hops Start: 7, Limit: 7
Relay Node:	`21` CARA Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	Cams Rak4631
Short Name:	CARA
Node ID:	!953f7321
MAC Address:	zkyVP3Mh
Hardware:	RAK4631

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	79 bytes
Gateway:	!953f7321
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 7

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 2 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!953f7321` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (79 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2503963425` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`780277292` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`79` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`7` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`7` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	Not set	int32
`rx_snr`	Not set	float
`rx_time`	`1764390446` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	`70` Packet priority level	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`33` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1764390334.3462787` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!953f7321`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	79 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!953f7321", "long_name": "Cams Rak4631", "short_name": "CARA", "macaddr": "zkyVP3Mh", "hw_model": "RAK4631" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!953f7321", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2503963425, "to": 780277292, "id": 4261461562, "rx_time": 1764390446, "rx_snr": 0.0, "rx_rssi": 0, "hop_limit": 7, "hop_start": 7, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 70, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 33, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a09213935336637333231120c43616d732052616b343633311a04434152412206ce4c953f73212809380142209b84d3837c6d469c91244c7a10b50ab00aae74bb1bea8eb0bf77d5022dd136414800", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!953f7321", "long_name": "Cams Rak4631", "short_name": "CARA", "macaddr": "zkyVP3Mh", "hw_model": "RAK4631", "role": "CLIENT_MUTE", "public_key": "m4TTg3xtRpyRJEx6ELUKsAqudLsb6o6wv3fVAi3RNkE=", "is_unmessagable": false, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (79 bytes)

0a09213935336637333231120c43616d732052616b343633311a04434152412206ce4c953f73212809380142209b84d3837c6d469c91244c7a10b50ab00aae74bb1bea8eb0bf77d5022dd136414800

Hex Analysis:

Size:	79 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2878199 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: