Packet #2885999

Database ID:	2885999
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x288f87bb` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-11-29 08:16:13 UTC
From Node:	Delta (Dog)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	NHaledon - Dorothy (NHDO)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-108 dBm
SNR:	-1.0 dBm
Hop Info:	2/4 hops Start: 4, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`81` RAK3 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	Delta
Short Name:	Dog
Node ID:	!6179f0d3
MAC Address:	5YNhefDT
Hardware:	RAK4631

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	71 bytes
Gateway:	!da539cbc
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	2 / 4

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 3 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!da539cbc` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (71 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`1635381459` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`71` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`4` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`2` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-108.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-1.00` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1764404286` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`129` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1764404173.5946996` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!da539cbc`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -108.0 dBm SNR: -1.00 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	71 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!6179f0d3", "long_name": "Delta", "short_name": "Dog", "macaddr": "5YNhefDT", "hw_model": "RAK4631" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!da539cbc", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1635381459, "to": 4294967295, "id": 680495035, "rx_time": 1764404286, "rx_snr": -1.0, "rx_rssi": -108, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 4, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 129, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a09213631373966306433120544656c74611a03446f672206e5836179f0d32809380c4220458e0dfdcd752c1bd60e44018ca7b8701e773aa937a1e6eaa41440108643c3204801", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!6179f0d3", "long_name": "Delta", "short_name": "Dog", "macaddr": "5YNhefDT", "hw_model": "RAK4631", "role": "CLIENT_BASE", "public_key": "RY4N/c11LBvWDkQBjKe4cB53Oqk3oebqpBRAEIZDwyA=", "is_unmessagable": true, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (71 bytes)

0a09213631373966306433120544656c74611a03446f672206e5836179f0d32809380c4220458e0dfdcd752c1bd60e44018ca7b8701e773aa937a1e6eaa41440108643c3204801

Hex Analysis:

Size:	71 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2885999 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: