Packet #2915716

Packet Information

Database ID:	2915716
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xf20fbf4b` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-11-29 21:54:24 UTC
From Node:	K2XAP / nyme.sh (XAP)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TEXT_MESSAGE_APP Port: 1

Gateway:	KD2 WisBlock (KD2W)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-29 dBm
SNR:	6.75 dBm
Hop Info:	4/5 hops Start: 5, Limit: 1
Relay Node:	`12` KD22 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Payload Data

Protocol: TEXT_MESSAGE_APP

Size: 4 bytes

Decoded: Yes

Text Content:

👍

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	4 bytes
Gateway:	!8ff642e8
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	TEXT_MESSAGE_APP
Hop Count:	4 / 5

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 3 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!8ff642e8` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (4 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2334104039` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`1` TEXT_MESSAGE_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`4` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`1` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`5` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`4` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-29.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`6.75` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1764452928` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`18` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1764453264.63368` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (4 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!8ff642e8`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -29.0 dBm SNR: 6.75 dB

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!8ff642e8", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2334104039, "to": 4294967295, "id": 4061118283, "rx_time": 1764452928, "rx_snr": 6.75, "rx_rssi": -29, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 5, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 18, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 1, "payload": "f09f918d", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "text": "👍", "type": "text_message", "portnum": "TEXT_MESSAGE_APP" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (4 bytes)

f09f918d

Hex Analysis:

Size:	4 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

All Receptions

All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID

Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.

Gateway	Time Offset	RSSI	SNR	Hops	Relay	Channel	Timestamp	Actions
KD2 WisBlock (KD2W) Primary	0.000s Reference	-29.0 dBm	6.75 dB	4	`12` KD22	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:54:24 UTC	Current
K2XAP / nyme.sh (XAP)	-464.347s Before	Unknown	Unknown	0	`e7` XAP	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:40 UTC	View
ClaremontWx.net (CmWx)	-464.212s Before	-54.0 dBm	6.50 dB	0	`e7` XAP	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:40 UTC	View
Sunset Soda (p8p)	-461.331s Before	-122.0 dBm	-12.75 dB	1	`57` CmWx	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:43 UTC	View
!ebb328a2 (28a2)	-460.756s Before	-93.0 dBm	-9.75 dB	1	`c9` Penn	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:43 UTC	View
MeshM0xie (M0x)	-460.745s Before	-97.0 dBm	-4.00 dB	1	`c9` Penn	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:43 UTC	View
CW Mobile 1 \| https://nyme.sh (CWM1)	-460.364s Before	-87.0 dBm	-18.75 dB	1	`c9` Penn	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:44 UTC	View
DRP1 Chelsea (DRP1)	-460.356s Before	-77.0 dBm	6.00 dB	1	`c9` Penn , JLX3	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:44 UTC	View
Claudiopolis-440c (440c)	-460.238s Before	-89.0 dBm	-8.50 dB	1	`c9` Penn , JLX3	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:44 UTC	View
Fried Fish 1 \| nyme.sh (FF1)	-458.973s Before	-108.0 dBm	-15.00 dB	2	-	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:45 UTC	View
Gowanus Soda (p1p)	-458.950s Before	-107.0 dBm	-9.25 dB	2	-	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:45 UTC	View
Steiner Studios Tower (SST)	-458.792s Before	-120.0 dBm	-16.00 dB	2	`a8` 24a8	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:45 UTC	View
NHaledon - Dorothy (NHDO)	-458.067s Before	-122.0 dBm	-14.50 dB	3	`b4` PARK	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:46 UTC	View
Meshtastic f5c8 (f5c8)	-457.879s Before	-114.0 dBm	-11.50 dB	2	`72`	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:46 UTC	View
Meshtastic 631c (631c)	-457.819s Before	-112.0 dBm	-20.00 dB	2	`72` GSIP	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:46 UTC	View
Cams Rak4631 (CARA)	-453.923s Before	-44.0 dBm	6.00 dB	4	`f4` CAMR	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:50 UTC	View
dkTowerBot (dkTB)	-451.553s Before	-100.0 dBm	-10.50 dB	1	`4c` JLY3 , SST	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:53 UTC	View
YMH 1 @ Your Mom’s House (YMH1)	-451.535s Before	-106.0 dBm	-0.75 dB	1	`4c` JLY3	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:53 UTC	View
K2YYD MQTT Gateway 0b0b (MBMQ)	-448.691s Before	-56.0 dBm	5.25 dB	4	`2b` MB01	LongFast	2025-11-29 21:46:55 UTC	View

19

Total Receptions

19

Unique Gateways

Packet #2915716 Success