Packet #911253

Packet Information

Database ID:	911253
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xdbd00096` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-10-17 16:19:56 UTC
From Node:	K2XAP G2 (XAP2)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TEXT_MESSAGE_APP Port: 1

Gateway:	P0NY Express Solar Node (P0NY)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-96 dBm
SNR:	3.5 dBm
Hop Info:	0/7 hops Start: 7, Limit: 7
Relay Node:	`0c` XAP2 , Ch1 , MG , UGKH , 440c Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Payload Data

Protocol: TEXT_MESSAGE_APP

Size: 4 bytes

Decoded: Yes

Text Content:

test

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	4 bytes
Gateway:	!4429585b
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	TEXT_MESSAGE_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 7

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!4429585b` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (4 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`382565900` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`1` TEXT_MESSAGE_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`4` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`7` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`7` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-96.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`3.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1760718024` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`12` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1760717996.9531822` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!4429585b`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -96.0 dBm SNR: 3.50 dB

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!4429585b", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 382565900, "to": 4294967295, "id": 3687841942, "rx_time": 1760718024, "rx_snr": 3.5, "rx_rssi": -96, "hop_limit": 7, "hop_start": 7, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 12, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 1, "payload": "74657374", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "text": "test", "type": "text_message", "portnum": "TEXT_MESSAGE_APP" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (4 bytes)

74657374

Hex Analysis:

Size:	4 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

All Receptions

All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID

Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.

Gateway	Time Offset	RSSI	SNR	Hops	Relay	Channel	Timestamp	Actions
P0NY Express Solar Node (P0NY) Primary	0.000s Reference	-96.0 dBm	3.50 dB	0	`0c` XAP2 , Ch1 , MG , UGKH , 440c	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:19:56 UTC	Current
K2XAP G2 (XAP2)	-15.913s Before	Unknown	Unknown	0	`0c` XAP2 , MG , 440c	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:19:41 UTC	View
K2XAP G2 (XAP2)	-8.803s Before	Unknown	Unknown	0	`0c` XAP2 , MG , 440c	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:19:48 UTC	View
K2XAP G2 (XAP2)	-1.680s Before	Unknown	Unknown	0	`0c` XAP2 , MG , 440c	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:19:55 UTC	View
corruptedstack Wio Track L1 \| nyme.sh (dmbt)	-0.186s Before	-115.0 dBm	-18.25 dB	0	`0c` XAP2 , UGKH , 440c	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:19:56 UTC	View
K2XAP / nyme.sh (XAP)	-0.147s Before	-41.0 dBm	6.75 dB	0	`0c` XAP2 , 440c	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:19:56 UTC	View
Claudiopolis-440c (440c)	+0.099s After	-97.0 dBm	-7.50 dB	0	`0c` XAP2 , UGKH , 440c	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:19:57 UTC	View
DRP1 Chelsea (DRP1)	+1.588s After	-106.0 dBm	-5.00 dB	1	`80` NLmH , p@bp , BR03 , LOD	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:19:58 UTC	View
Fried Fish FF1 \| nyme.sh (FF1)	+6.945s After	-105.0 dBm	-2.75 dB	2	`0f` 68SD	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:20:03 UTC	View
dkTowerBot (dkTB)	+11.152s After	-109.0 dBm	-19.00 dB	3	`e3` PGN1	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:20:08 UTC	View
Steiner Studios Tower (SST)	+11.249s After	-107.0 dBm	-8.75 dB	3	`48` BNY7 , CWM1	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:20:08 UTC	View
Meshtastic 1ca3 (1ca3)	+11.947s After	-124.0 dBm	-16.25 dB	5	`31` a031	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:20:08 UTC	View
YMH 1 @ Your Mom’s House (YMH1)	+13.759s After	-80.0 dBm	5.25 dB	3	`90` NLG1	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:20:10 UTC	View
SDT f481 (f481)	+15.146s After	-108.0 dBm	-7.25 dB	5	-	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:20:12 UTC	View
Freeek1 (frk1)	+16.129s After	-65.0 dBm	7.00 dB	5	`2e` Def1	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:20:13 UTC	View
https://nyme.sh \| Xoder (MERB)	+17.714s After	-127.0 dBm	-17.75 dB	4	`86` 3386	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:20:14 UTC	View
K2YYD MQTT Gateway 0b0b (MBMQ)	+20.794s After	-58.0 dBm	5.25 dB	6	`2b` MB01	LongFast	2025-10-17 16:20:17 UTC	View

17

Total Receptions

15

Unique Gateways

Packet #911253 Success