Packet #3379901

Database ID:	3379901
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x0e6d0b24` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-12-10 18:26:44 UTC
From Node:	K2XAP Gateway (XAPg)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	K2XAP Gateway (XAPg)
Channel:	LongMod
RSSI:	Unknown
SNR:	Unknown
Hop Info:	0/1 hops Start: 1, Limit: 1
Relay Node:	`79` XAPg Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	K2XAP Gateway
Short Name:	XAPg
Node ID:	!cb9be279
MAC Address:	yQnLm+J5
Hardware:	RAK4631

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	80 bytes
Gateway:	!cb9be279
Channel:	LongMod
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 1

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: LongMod
+ 2 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!cb9be279` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongMod`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (80 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`3415990905` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`80` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`1` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`1` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	Not set	int32
`rx_snr`	Not set	float
`rx_time`	`1765391341` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	`10` Packet priority level	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`121` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1765391204.39456` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: LongMod
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!cb9be279`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	80 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!cb9be279", "long_name": "K2XAP Gateway", "short_name": "XAPg", "macaddr": "yQnLm+J5", "hw_model": "RAK4631" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!cb9be279", "channel_id": "LongMod", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3415990905, "to": 4294967295, "id": 242027300, "rx_time": 1765391341, "rx_snr": 0.0, "rx_rssi": 0, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 1, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 10, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 121, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a09216362396265323739120d4b3258415020476174657761791a04584150672206c909cb9be27928093801422064064a4de0f79ddd0a74a279f6d50a6a0e23fef24e8c934330c73b00d50e340c4801", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!cb9be279", "long_name": "K2XAP Gateway", "short_name": "XAPg", "macaddr": "yQnLm+J5", "hw_model": "RAK4631", "role": "CLIENT_MUTE", "public_key": "ZAZKTeD3nd0KdKJ59tUKag4j/vJOjJNDMMc7ANUONAw=", "is_unmessagable": true, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (80 bytes)

0a09216362396265323739120d4b3258415020476174657761791a04584150672206c909cb9be27928093801422064064a4de0f79ddd0a74a279f6d50a6a0e23fef24e8c934330c73b00d50e340c4801

Hex Analysis:

Size:	80 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #3379901 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: